Question

Which of the following are the types of Sashabda Kriya ?
A. Aavap
B. Shamya
C. Nishkram
D. Taal
E. Praveshak
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. A and B Only
• B. B and C Only
• C. B and D Only
• D. D and E Only

Hint:

To easily remember the Kriya splits: *Aavap, Nishkram, and Praveshak* are silent gestures (*Nishabda*). In contrast, *Shamya, Taal, and Sannipaat* require physical striking contact that creates audible sound (*Sashabda*). $$\text{Sashabda Kriya} = \text{Shamya} + \text{Taal}$$

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: In ancient Indian rhythm theory under the *Ten Pranas of Taal*, the component of Kriya (physical action used to denote time measurements) is broadly split into two primary categories: Sashabda Kriya (actions accompanied by sound, such as hand clapping) and Nishabda Kriya (silent actions, such as waving or moving the fingers).

Step 1: Classify the ancient Kriya types.
Ancient treatises list four standard sub-types for each category of action:
• Nishabda Kriya (Silent Actions): Includes *Aavap* (A), *Nishkram* (C), *Praveshak* (E), and *Vikshep*.
• Sashabda Kriya (Sounded Actions): Includes *Dhruva*, Shamya (B), Taal (D), and *Sannipaat*.

Step 2: Filter for the sounded actions.
Reviewing the options based on these canonical classifications, Shamya (striking with the left hand dominant or generic side strikes) and Taal (striking with the right hand dominant) are explicitly classified as sounded actions (Sashabda Kriya). Therefore, items B and D are the correct selections, which matches option (3).