Question

Which of the following approaches was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization?

• A. Basic needs approach
• B. Income approach
• C. Capability approach
• D. Welfare approach

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question asks which approach was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization. Among the given options, the correct answer is the "Basic needs approach". 

The Basic Needs Approach was introduced by the International Labour Organization in the 1970s. It was designed as a strategy to alleviate poverty by focusing on satisfying the fundamental human needs of the poorest in society. This approach emphasizes the following core elements:

• Ensuring access to essential goods and services such as food, shelter, and healthcare.
• Providing education and job opportunities to promote self-reliance and empowerment.
• Encouraging fair income distribution to improve the living standards of disadvantaged populations.

While other approaches like the Income, Capability, and Welfare approaches exist, they focus on different aspects of social and economic development rather than directly addressing the immediate basic needs emphasized by the International Labour Organization.

Answer 2

The Basic Needs Approach was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in the 1970s. The approach focuses on the idea that development should aim to provide the basic needs of all individuals in a society, such as adequate food, shelter, clothing, education, and healthcare, as a fundamental part of economic and social development.

The other approaches mentioned were developed later:

• Income approach: This approach focuses on income distribution and the role of income in determining the standard of living, but it was not initially proposed by the ILO.
• Capability approach: Developed by economist Amartya Sen, the capability approach focuses on the individual’s ability to achieve certain functionings or capabilities. It is a broader concept that builds on the basic needs approach.
• Welfare approach: This approach is generally related to providing social welfare programs but is not specifically associated with the ILO's initial work.

Thus, the Basic Needs Approach is the one that was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization (ILO).