Step 1: Understand gradable antonyms.
Gradable antonyms are opposites that exist on a spectrum and allow for comparison or degree (e.g., hot, hotter, very hot).
Step 2: Evaluate the options.
(A) Married/unmarried: Binary, not gradable — no in-between.
(B) Hot/cold: Gradable — there's a temperature spectrum.
(C) Old/young: Gradable — age can be measured in degrees.
(D) Alive/dead: Binary — no degrees of being dead.
Thus, (B) and (C) are correct.
Choose the option that correctly matches the names of scholars (P – S) in column X with the fields or approaches (i – iv) in column Y they are primarily associated with.

Given the Hindi and English words below, which one of the options is the reason for their similarity?
