Question

Which Article of the Constitution deals with the Protection of life and personal liberty?

• A. Article 19
• B. Article 20
• C. Article 21
• D. Article 22

Hint:

Article 21 = Life + Personal Liberty → Most expanded Fundamental Right.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Fundamental Rights are essential for ensuring the dignity, freedom, and liberty of individuals. Among them, Article 21 is one of the most important provisions in the Indian Constitution.
Step 1: Understanding Article 21.
Article 21 states: \textit{``No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.''}
Step 2: Scope and interpretation.
The Supreme Court has interpreted Article 21 broadly to include various rights such as:

• Right to live with dignity
• Right to privacy
• Right to clean environment
• Right to education (before Article 21A)

Step 3: Importance of Article 21.
It acts as a safeguard against arbitrary actions of the State and ensures protection of individual liberty.
Step 4: Eliminating other options.

• Article 19: Freedom of speech and other freedoms
• Article 20: Protection in respect of conviction for offences
• Article 22: Protection against arrest and detention

Step 5: Conclusion.
Thus, Article 21 specifically deals with the protection of life and personal liberty.