Question:
Which apolipoprotein is responsible for Alzheimer's disease?
Which apolipoprotein is responsible for Alzheimer's disease?
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Think of the e4 allele - the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's.
Updated On: Jun 23, 2026
- APOE4
- APOE3
- APOE2
- APOE1
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: The APOE gene has three common polymorphic alleles - e2, e3, and e4 - which produce single amino acid changes in the ApoE protein.
Step 2: The e4 allele (APOE4) is the single most important genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. It influences how amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates and is cleared from the brain, driving the disease process.
Step 3: By contrast, APOE2 is protective and is linked with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease, while APOE3 is the common neutral allele. Therefore APOE4 is the correct answer, and the e2/e3/e1 distractors are not the major risk factor.
Step 2: The e4 allele (APOE4) is the single most important genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. It influences how amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates and is cleared from the brain, driving the disease process.
Step 3: By contrast, APOE2 is protective and is linked with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease, while APOE3 is the common neutral allele. Therefore APOE4 is the correct answer, and the e2/e3/e1 distractors are not the major risk factor.
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