Question:
Which among the following is strongest acid?
Which among the following is strongest acid?
Show Hint
Acid strength increases with the electronegativity of the substituent group. Just remember the periodic trend: Fluorine is at the top, so it makes the strongest acid.
Updated On: Jun 4, 2026
- Chloroacetic acid
- Fluoroacetic acid
- Bromoacetic acid
- Iodoacetic acid
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
We need to identify the strongest carboxylic acid derivative from the given options based on the inductive effect.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The strength of a halogen-substituted acid depends directly on the electron-withdrawing power ($-I$ effect) of the attached halogen atom.
A stronger $-I$ effect pulls electron density away from the $O-H$ bond, facilitating the release of the $H^+$ ion and stabilizing the resulting carboxylate conjugate base.
The order of electronegativity for halogens is: $F > Cl > Br > I$.
Because fluorine is the most electronegative element, it exerts the strongest $-I$ effect.
Therefore, fluoroacetic acid ($F-CH_2-COOH$) forms the most stable conjugate base and is the strongest acid among the choices.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The strongest acid is fluoroacetic acid, matching option (B).
We need to identify the strongest carboxylic acid derivative from the given options based on the inductive effect.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The strength of a halogen-substituted acid depends directly on the electron-withdrawing power ($-I$ effect) of the attached halogen atom.
A stronger $-I$ effect pulls electron density away from the $O-H$ bond, facilitating the release of the $H^+$ ion and stabilizing the resulting carboxylate conjugate base.
The order of electronegativity for halogens is: $F > Cl > Br > I$.
Because fluorine is the most electronegative element, it exerts the strongest $-I$ effect.
Therefore, fluoroacetic acid ($F-CH_2-COOH$) forms the most stable conjugate base and is the strongest acid among the choices.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The strongest acid is fluoroacetic acid, matching option (B).
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