Question

Which among the following is haloalkyne?

• A. Halogen atom is bonded to $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridized carbon atom of aromatic a ring.
• B. Halogen atom is bonded to $\mathrm{sp^3}$ hybridized carbon atom next to $\mathrm{C = C}$ double bond in aliphatic chain.
• C. Halogen atom is bonded to $\mathrm{sp}$ hybridized carbon atom in aliphatic chain.
• D. Halogen atom is bonded to $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridized carbon atom in aliphatic chain.

Hint:

Associate hybridization states directly with bond types for carbon: $\mathrm{sp^3} \rightarrow$ single bonds (alkane), $\mathrm{sp^2} \rightarrow$ double bond (alkene), and $\mathrm{sp} \rightarrow$ triple bond (alkyne).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the true structural definition and structural environment that describes a haloalkyne.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The term "haloalkyne" is a combination of "halogen" and "alkyne". Alkynes are acyclic or cyclic hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond ($\mathrm{C \equiv C}$). The carbon atoms involved in a triple bond are always $\mathrm{sp}$ hybridized.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the structural classifications matching each option:

• Option A: A halogen attached to an $\mathrm{sp^2}$ carbon of an aromatic ring defines a haloarene (aryl halide).

• Option B: A halogen attached to an $\mathrm{sp^3}$ carbon atom adjacent to a $\mathrm{C=C}$ double bond defines an allylic halide.

• Option C: A halogen attached to an $\mathrm{sp}$ hybridized carbon atom (which forms a triple bond in a chain) defines a haloalkyne (alkynyl halide).

• Option D: A halogen attached to an $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridized carbon atom in an aliphatic chain defines a vinylic halide.
Consequently, only option (C) fits the precise chemical classification of a haloalkyne.

Step 4: Final Answer:
A haloalkyne is characterized by a halogen atom bonded to an $\mathrm{sp}$ hybridized carbon atom in an aliphatic chain, matching option (C).