Concept:
Thinking and reasoning skills develop when learners actively analyze, evaluate, compare, discuss, and solve problems.
Step 1: Importance of higher-order thinking.
Higher-order thinking includes:
• Analysis.
• Reasoning.
• Critical thinking.
• Problem solving.
• Decision making.
These skills are best developed through active engagement.
Step 2: Role of group discussion.
Group discussions encourage students to:
• Share ideas.
• Defend arguments.
• Evaluate alternatives.
• Solve problems collaboratively.
• Think critically.
Such activities significantly improve reasoning abilities.
Step 3: Analyze other options.
Listening to lectures promotes information acquisition.
Repeating exercises mainly develops practice skills.
Copying notes encourages memorization.
None of these develop reasoning as effectively as problem-solving discussions.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Group discussions focused on problem solving best develop thinking and reasoning skills.
Hence, option (B) is correct.