Question:
When phenol is treated with excess of bromine water, it gives ________.
When phenol is treated with excess of bromine water, it gives ________.
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When phenol is treated with excess of bromine water, it gives ____.
Updated On: Apr 15, 2026
- m-bromophenol
- o-and p-bromophenols
- 2, 4-dibromophenol
- 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Concept
Phenol is highly activated toward electrophilic aromatic substitution due to the $+M$ effect of the $-OH$ group.
Step 2: Bromine Water Effect
In aqueous solution (bromine water), the ionization of phenol to the phenoxide ion is enhanced. The phenoxide ion is even more activating than phenol.
Step 3: Reaction
Substitution occurs at all available ortho and para positions simultaneously. $\text{Phenol} + 3Br_2(aq) \rightarrow \text{2,4,6-tribromophenol (white ppt)} + 3HBr$.
Step 4: Conclusion
The product is a white precipitate of 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol.
Final Answer: (D)
Phenol is highly activated toward electrophilic aromatic substitution due to the $+M$ effect of the $-OH$ group.
Step 2: Bromine Water Effect
In aqueous solution (bromine water), the ionization of phenol to the phenoxide ion is enhanced. The phenoxide ion is even more activating than phenol.
Step 3: Reaction
Substitution occurs at all available ortho and para positions simultaneously. $\text{Phenol} + 3Br_2(aq) \rightarrow \text{2,4,6-tribromophenol (white ppt)} + 3HBr$.
Step 4: Conclusion
The product is a white precipitate of 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol.
Final Answer: (D)
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