Step 1: Black box testing checks a program against its specification. The tester only looks at inputs and the expected outputs.
Step 2: The tester does not see or use the source code, the control flow, or the internal logic. The software is treated like a sealed box.
Step 3: Option (A) is wrong because Basis Path Testing is a white box method. Option (C) describes white box testing, which uses the internal code structure. Option (B) is about who runs the test, not the technique.
Step 4: So black box testing is testing done without any knowledge of how the code is written inside.
Correct option: (D).