



Reduction of 1,2-dibromopropane with Zn in heat forms an alkyne (A). The Zn eliminates Br atoms from vicinal dihalide:
\[ \text{CH}_2\text{Br}-\text{CHBr}-\text{CH}_3 \xrightarrow{\text{Zn}/\Delta} \text{CH}_3-\text{C} \equiv \text{CH} \ (\text{Propyne}) \]
Propyne reacts with alc. KOH and NaNH2, leading to dehydrohalogenation and formation of an acetylide intermediate, but eventually alkynes remain (no significant change).
Propyne on Lindlar’s catalyst gets partially hydrogenated to give a cis-alkene (propene).

Which of the following sets of reagents convert toluene to benzaldehyde?
What are X and Y respectively in the following reactions?
