Step 1: Understanding Tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium known as *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. This bacterium primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body.
Step 2: Why Other Options Are Incorrect.
- (B) Virus: Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium, not a virus.
- (C) Amoeba: Amoeba are unicellular organisms and are not responsible for tuberculosis.
- (D) Culex: Culex is a genus of mosquitoes and is not related to the transmission of tuberculosis.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The bacterium responsible for tuberculosis is *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, which belongs to the bacillus group, making (A) the correct answer.