Question:
The thermodynamic variable on which the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule depends is
The thermodynamic variable on which the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule depends is
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Temperature is the only thermodynamic quantity that directly measures molecular kinetic energy.
Updated On: Jun 22, 2026
- Temperature
- Pressure
- Volume
- Density \bigskip
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
From kinetic theory of gases, the microscopic motion of molecules is directly related to absolute temperature.
---
Step 1: Use kinetic theory result.
The average kinetic energy per molecule is: \[ KE_{avg} = \frac{3}{2}kT \] where:
• $k$ = Boltzmann constant
• $T$ = absolute temperature ---
Step 2: Analyze dependence.
From the formula: \[ KE_{avg} \propto T \] It does NOT depend on:
• pressure
• volume
• density ---
Step 3: Physical meaning.
Temperature measures average molecular energy. Hence it directly controls molecular speed and kinetic energy. --- Final Answer: \[ (A)\ \text{Temperature} \]
Step 1: Use kinetic theory result.
The average kinetic energy per molecule is: \[ KE_{avg} = \frac{3}{2}kT \] where:
• $k$ = Boltzmann constant
• $T$ = absolute temperature ---
Step 2: Analyze dependence.
From the formula: \[ KE_{avg} \propto T \] It does NOT depend on:
• pressure
• volume
• density ---
Step 3: Physical meaning.
Temperature measures average molecular energy. Hence it directly controls molecular speed and kinetic energy. --- Final Answer: \[ (A)\ \text{Temperature} \]
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