Question

The reaction of H\textsubscript{2 is given below
H\textsubscript{2} + CO + R--CH=CH\textsubscript{2} \(\rightarrow\) R--CH\textsubscript{2}--CH\textsubscript{2}--CHO
is specifically called as}

• A. hydrogenation
• B. reduction
• C. hydroformylation
• D. dehydration
• E. formylation

Hint:

Look at the product ending: -CHO. If you see an alkene becoming an aldehyde using $CO$ and $H_2$, it is always Hydroformylation!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: This reaction involves the addition of a formyl group ($--CHO$) and a hydrogen atom across a carbon-carbon double bond.
• Hydroformylation: Also known as "oxo synthesis," it is an industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes.
• Reagents: It uses a mixture of hydrogen ($H_2$) and carbon monoxide ($CO$), often called "syngas."
• Catalyst: Usually catalyzed by cobalt or rhodium complexes.

Step 1: Analyze the structural change. In the given reaction: $R-CH=CH_2 \xrightarrow{H_2 + CO} R-CH_2-CH_2-CHO$. One hydrogen is added to one carbon of the double bond, and the group $-CHO$ (formyl group) is added to the other carbon.

Step 2: Identify the naming convention. Because "Hydro" ($H$) and "Formyl" ($CHO$) are added, the process is uniquely termed hydroformylation. While it is technically a reduction of the double bond, "hydroformylation" is the specific chemical name for this industrial conversion.