Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the management term that defines the process of setting goals and creating a roadmap to achieve them.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
This is a direct definition of one of the core functions of management:
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Planning: This is the fundamental management function that involves deciding in advance what to do, when to do it, how to do it, and who is to do it.
It bridges the gap from where an organization is to where it wants to be.
It involves
setting goals and
establishing strategies and guidelines to achieve those goals.
This perfectly matches the question's description.
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Supervising (or Directing): This involves guiding, leading, and overseeing the work of subordinates to ensure they are working towards the established goals.
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Evaluating (or Controlling): This involves monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and taking corrective action.
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Managing: This is the overall term that encompasses all functions, including planning, organizing, supervising, and controlling.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The process of setting goals and establishing guidelines to fulfil them is called Planning.
This corresponds to option (A).