Question

The process of Gully development followed by Gully control involves A. Growing of vegetation in Gully B. Stabilization of Gully C. Channel erosion and deepening of Gully bed D. Enlargement of Gully head towards upstream E. Construction of temporary and permanent Gully control structures Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. C, D, A, B, E
• B. D, B, E, C, A
• C. A, B, D, E, C
• D. B, C, E, A, D

Hint:

Stages of gully development and control: \[ \boxed{ \text{Erosion} \rightarrow \text{Head cutting} \rightarrow \text{Vegetation} \rightarrow \text{Stabilization} \rightarrow \text{Structures} } \] Common gully control structures:
• Check dams
• Drop spillways
• Brushwood barriers

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Gully erosion is one of the most severe forms of water erosion. It develops progressively due to concentrated runoff water. Gully development generally occurs in stages, and suitable control measures are adopted after stabilization. The sequence normally involves:
• Initiation of erosion
• Deepening and widening
• Upstream advancement
• Vegetative stabilization
• Structural stabilization Understanding the chronological order of gully development and control is very important in soil and water conservation engineering.

Step 1: Understanding channel erosion and deepening of gully bed. Initially, concentrated runoff water starts cutting the soil surface. This leads to:
• Removal of soil particles
• Downward cutting action
• Deepening of the gully bed This is the first major stage in gully development. Thus: \[ \boxed{ \text{First stage} = C } \]

Step 2: Understanding enlargement of gully head towards upstream. As runoff continues:
• Head cutting starts
• Gully migrates upward
• Side walls become unstable This process is called upstream advancement of the gully head. Hence: \[ \boxed{ \text{Second stage} = D } \]

Step 3: Growing vegetation inside the gully. Once active erosion is reduced, vegetative measures are introduced. Vegetation helps:
• Bind soil particles
• Reduce runoff velocity
• Improve infiltration
• Minimize further erosion Therefore: \[ \boxed{ \text{Third stage} = A } \]

Step 4: Stabilization of gully. After vegetation establishment:
• Soil becomes more stable
• Side slopes strengthen
• Erosion decreases significantly This stage represents gully stabilization. Thus: \[ \boxed{ \text{Fourth stage} = B } \]

Step 5: Construction of permanent and temporary structures. Finally, engineering structures are constructed such as:
• Check dams
• Drop spillways
• Brushwood dams
• Loose boulder structures These provide long-term protection and permanent stabilization. Hence: \[ \boxed{ \text{Fifth stage} = E } \]

Step 6: Writing the correct sequence. The proper sequence becomes: \[ \boxed{ C,\; D,\; A,\; B,\; E } \]

Step 7: Comparing with options. Option (A): \[ C,\; D,\; A,\; B,\; E \] This exactly matches the correct order. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Option (A) is correct}} \] Option (B): Incorrect sequence. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Option (B) is incorrect}} \] Option (C): Incorrect arrangement. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Option (C) is incorrect}} \] Option (D): Incorrect order. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Option (D) is incorrect}} \] Final Conclusion: The correct sequence of gully development followed by control measures is: \[ \boxed{ C,\; D,\; A,\; B,\; E } \] Hence the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{ (A) } \]