Question

The notch of kidney where vessels enter is called:

• A. Hilum
• B. Pelvis
• C. Calyx
• D. Ureter

Hint:

To easily recall renal landmarks, remember:
Hilum = Entrance/Exit Gate.
Pelvis = Funnel collector.
Ureter = Transport pipe.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the anatomical name of the specific notch on the kidney where blood vessels, nerves, and ureters enter or exit.
This is a fundamental question of renal anatomy.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The approach involves identifying the structural entry and exit portal on the medial surface of the kidney.
We analyze the role and position of the hilum, pelvis, calyx, and ureter.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:

• The kidney is a bean-shaped organ located in the retroperitoneal space.

• On the medial concave border of each kidney, there is a deep, vertical slit or notch known as the renal hilum (or hilus).

• The hilum serves as the primary gateway for structures entering and leaving the kidney.

• These structures include the renal artery, renal vein, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and the renal pelvis which leads to the ureter.

• The renal pelvis is a funnel-shaped structure internal to the hilum that collects urine from the calyces.

• Calyces (minor and major) are cup-like subdivisions of the pelvis that receive urine from the renal papillae of the medullary pyramids.

• The ureter is the long muscular tube that carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder.


Step 4: Final Answer:
The notch on the medial surface where vessels and nerves enter the kidney is the hilum.