Alkaline KMnO4 is a powerful oxidizing agent that converts alkyl side chains on aromatic rings to carboxylic acid groups. Remember that the reaction conditions (alkaline and heat) are crucial for this transformation




The reaction involves the oxidation of an alkyl-substituted naphthalene derivative using alkaline potassium permanganate (alk. KMnO4) followed by acidic workup (H3O+).
Key Points:
The final product contains three carboxylic acid groups attached to the naphthalene ring at the 1, 2, and 4 positions, forming naphthalene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid.
The major product (P) is naphthalene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, which corresponds to option (1).
What will be the equilibrium constant of the given reaction carried out in a \(5 \,L\) vessel and having equilibrium amounts of \(A_2\) and \(A\) as \(0.5\) mole and \(2 \times 10^{-6}\) mole respectively?
The reaction : \(A_2 \rightleftharpoons 2A\)

Cobalt chloride when dissolved in water forms pink colored complex $X$ which has octahedral geometry. This solution on treating with cone $HCl$ forms deep blue complex, $\underline{Y}$ which has a $\underline{Z}$ geometry $X, Y$ and $Z$, respectively, are
At \(-20^\circ \text{C}\) and 1 atm pressure, a cylinder is filled with an equal number of \(H_2\), \(I_2\), and \(HI\) molecules for the reaction:
\[H_2(g) + I_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)\] The \(K_P\) for the process is \(x \times 10^{-1}\).
(x = ___________)
Given: \(R = 0.082 \, \text{L atm K}^{-1} \text{mol}^{-1}\)
What will be the equilibrium constant of the given reaction carried out in a \(5 \,L\) vessel and having equilibrium amounts of \(A_2\) and \(A\) as \(0.5\) mole and \(2 \times 10^{-6}\) mole respectively?
The reaction : \(A_2 \rightleftharpoons 2A\)