Question:
The major product of the following reaction is:
The major product of the following reaction is:
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When phthalic acid is heated with ammonia, it undergoes cyclization to form phthalimide, a key intermediate in organic synthesis.
Updated On: Nov 26, 2025
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the reaction mechanism.
- The given reaction involves phthalic acid (\( C_6H_4(COOH)_2 \)) with ammonia (\( NH_3 \)) under strong heating.
- When heated with ammonia, phthalic acid undergoes cyclization, leading to the formation of phthalimide.
Step 2: Reaction pathway.
1. Phthalic acid first reacts with ammonia to form ammonium phthalate.
2. Upon heating, a condensation reaction occurs, leading to the formation of phthalimide (structure in option B).
3. This reaction eliminates water as a byproduct.
Step 3: Identifying the correct option.
- Option A represents an incorrect amide formation.
- Option C shows incorrect amination without imide formation.
- Option D suggests excessive amination, which does not occur under these conditions.
- Option B correctly depicts phthalimide, the actual product.
- The given reaction involves phthalic acid (\( C_6H_4(COOH)_2 \)) with ammonia (\( NH_3 \)) under strong heating.
- When heated with ammonia, phthalic acid undergoes cyclization, leading to the formation of phthalimide.
Step 2: Reaction pathway.
1. Phthalic acid first reacts with ammonia to form ammonium phthalate.
2. Upon heating, a condensation reaction occurs, leading to the formation of phthalimide (structure in option B).
3. This reaction eliminates water as a byproduct.
Step 3: Identifying the correct option.
- Option A represents an incorrect amide formation.
- Option C shows incorrect amination without imide formation.
- Option D suggests excessive amination, which does not occur under these conditions.
- Option B correctly depicts phthalimide, the actual product.
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