Question

The golgi complex plays a major role

• A. In digesting proteins and carbohydrates
• B. As energy transferring organelles
• C. In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
• D. In trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy

Hint:

Think of the Golgi complex as the "post office" of the cell. It receives raw materials from the ER (sorting), adds address labels and modifications (glycosylation/glycosidation), and packages them into vesicles for final delivery.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Golgi apparatus (or Golgi complex) is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It functions as the central packaging and dispatching unit of the cell, processing macromolecules synthesized by other organelles.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate the metabolic functions of different organelles to identify the role of the Golgi complex:

Option (A): The digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and other macromolecules is the primary function of lysosomes, which contain hydrolytic enzymes operating at acidic pH.

Option (B): Energy-transferring organelles are mitochondria (which generate ATP via oxidative phosphorylation) and chloroplasts (which generate ATP via photophosphorylation).

Option (C): Proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported to the Golgi complex via vesicles. Inside the cisternae of the Golgi complex, these molecules undergo chemical modifications. This includes post-translational modifications of proteins (such as phosphorylation, sulfation, and proteolytic cleavage) and glycosidation/glycosylation of lipids and proteins (attaching carbohydrate chains to form glycolipids and glycoproteins). Thus, this is a core role of the Golgi complex.

Option (D): Trapping light and transforming it into chemical energy is the process of photosynthesis, which occurs exclusively in chloroplasts.
Therefore, the Golgi complex plays its major role in post-translational modification and glycosidation.

Step 2: Final Answer:
The correct option is (C).