The given diagram represents:
- Mesosome
- Chromosome
- Ribosome
- Nucleosome
The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
The diagram presents a biological structure related to the organization of genetic material within a cell. Careful examination reveals the characteristic 'beads on a string' appearance, a fundamental level of DNA packaging.
The choices provided are:
- A) Mesosome
- B) Chromosome
- C) Ribosome
- D) Nucleosome
Given the 'beads on a string' morphology, and the context of molecular basis of inheritance (KCET 2022), the correct identification is a structure that combines DNA with histone proteins to form a fundamental unit of chromatin.
Therefore, the structure represented in the diagram is a:
D) Nucleosome
A nucleosome is composed of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins. These nucleosomes then further coil and condense to form higher-order structures, eventually leading to the formation of chromosomes.
Approach Solution -2
Let's consider the typical structure of a nucleosome:
A nucleosome is a basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes. It consists of:
- A core of eight histone proteins (histone octamer): Two molecules each of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4.
- DNA: Approximately 146 base pairs of DNA wrapped around the histone octamer.
- Linker DNA: A short stretch of DNA that connects adjacent nucleosomes.
Therefore, if the diagram showed a DNA strand wrapped around a cluster of proteins, it would indeed represent a nucleosome.
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