Question

The fluid coming into the centrifugal pump is accelerated by

• A. Nozzle
• B. Governer
• C. Throttle
• D. Impeller

Hint:

The heart of a centrifugal pump is the impeller.
Its job is to spin rapidly and throw the fluid outwards, giving it high velocity (kinetic energy).
The casing (volute) then slows the fluid down, converting this velocity into pressure.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the component of a centrifugal pump that is responsible for accelerating the fluid.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
A centrifugal pump works by converting rotational kinetic energy into the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. The key component that achieves this is the impeller.

• (D) Impeller: The impeller is a rotor with a series of backward-curved vanes. As the pump's shaft rotates the impeller at high speed, fluid is drawn into the center (the "eye") of the impeller. The rotating vanes then sling the fluid outwards at high velocity. The impeller imparts a large amount of kinetic energy to the fluid, thus accelerating it. This high-velocity fluid then enters the volute casing, where the increasing area converts the kinetic energy into pressure energy.

• (A) Nozzle: A nozzle is used to accelerate fluid by decreasing the flow area, but it is not the primary component that adds energy in a centrifugal pump. In fact, a pump is the opposite of a nozzle in function (it adds pressure, a nozzle converts pressure to velocity).

• (B) Governor: A governor is a device used to regulate the speed of an engine or motor.

• (C) Throttle: A throttle is a valve used to control the flow rate of a fluid.



Step 3: Final Answer:
The fluid coming into the centrifugal pump is accelerated by the impeller.