The coordination number of cobalt in $[\text{Co(NH}_3)_6]^{3+}$ is
The coordination number of cobalt in $[\text{Co(NH}_3)_6]^{3+}$ is
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2 & Linear
4 & Tetrahedral / Sq. Planar
6 & Octahedral
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Concept
The coordination number of a metal ion in a complex refers to the number of ligand donor atoms directly bonded to it. In coordination complexes, ligands are molecules or ions that donate electron pairs to form coordinate covalent bonds with the central metal ion.
Step 2: Meaning
In \([\text{Co(NH}_3)_6]^{3+}\), cobalt (Co) is the central metal ion and ammonia (\(\text{NH}_3\)) molecules act as the ligands. The superscript \(3+\) indicates that the complex ion carries an overall positive charge of three.
Step 3: Analysis
To determine the coordination number, we count how many donor atoms from the ligands are directly bonded to the cobalt ion in the complex \([\text{Co(NH}_3)_6]^{3+}\). The chemical formula shows that there are six \(\text{NH}_3\) molecules surrounding the cobalt ion. Ammonia (\(\text{NH}_3\)) is a monodentate ligand because each molecule contains a single nitrogen donor atom that can form exactly one coordinate covalent bond with the metal center. Since there are six monodentate \(\text{NH}_3\) ligands directly bonded to the cobalt ion, the total number of coordinate bonds is: \[6 \times 1 = 6\]
Step 4: Conclusion
Therefore, the coordination number of cobalt in this complex is 6
Final Answer: 6
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