Question

The common name of propanedioic acid is

• A. Saccharic acid
• B. Adipic acid
• C. Malic acid
• D. Glutaric acid
• E. Malonic acid

Hint:

To remember the sequence of common names for dicarboxylic acids, use the mnemonic: Oh My Such Good Apple Pie (Oxalic, Malonic, Succinic, Glutaric, Adipic, Pimelic).

Answer 1

Answer: (E)

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the common (trivial) name of a dicarboxylic acid with the IUPAC name propanedioic acid.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Propanedioic acid has the chemical formula $HOOC-CH_2-COOH$.
It consists of a three-carbon chain with carboxylic acid groups at both ends.
In organic chemistry, there is a common sequence of dicarboxylic acids categorized by the number of carbon atoms in their chain. A popular mnemonic used is "OMSGAP":
1. Oxalic acid ($C_2$): $HOOC-COOH$ (Ethanedioic acid)
2. Malonic acid ($C_3$): $HOOC-CH_2-COOH$ (Propanedioic acid)
3. Succinic acid ($C_4$): $HOOC-(CH_2)_2-COOH$ (Butanedioic acid)
4. Glutaric acid ($C_5$): $HOOC-(CH_2)_3-COOH$ (Pentanedioic acid)
5. Adipic acid ($C_6$): $HOOC-(CH_2)_4-COOH$ (Hexanedioic acid)
Therefore, the common name for propanedioic acid is Malonic acid.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The common name is Malonic acid.