Question:
The common defect that observe in shaped refractories due to improper grading of particles and faulty pressing operation is
The common defect that observe in shaped refractories due to improper grading of particles and faulty pressing operation is
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Lamination occurs in pressed refractory shapes due to poor particle grading, trapped air, or faulty pressing operation.
Updated On: May 7, 2026
- Bursting
- Black core
- Lamination
- Chip off
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Shaped refractories are prepared by forming refractory raw materials into definite shapes.
During pressing, the refractory mix must be properly graded and uniformly compacted.
Proper grading means that coarse, medium, and fine particles should be present in suitable proportions.
If particle grading is improper, the packing of particles becomes non-uniform.
Also, if pressing operation is faulty, air may get trapped inside the body.
Due to this, layers may form inside the pressed refractory shape.
This defect is called:
\[
\text{Lamination}.
\]
Lamination means separation into layers.
It weakens the refractory body and may cause failure during drying, firing, or service.
Bursting is generally related to sudden breakage due to internal pressure.
Black core is related to incomplete oxidation or firing defects.
Chip off refers to breaking of small pieces from edges or corners.
Hence, the common defect due to improper grading and faulty pressing is:
\[
\text{Lamination}.
\]
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