Question

The coating of synthetic seeds need not to have the following quality for successful field plantation:

• A. Nondamaging to the embryo
• B. Sufficiently durable
• C. Maintaining high pH
• D. Incorporating nutrients, and growth hormones

Hint:

Think of the coating as an "Artificial Endosperm." It needs to feed and protect the embryo, not create a harsh alkaline environment.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Synthetic seeds (synseeds) are produced by encapsulating somatic embryos, shoot buds, or other tissues in a protective matrix. This matrix acts as an artificial endosperm and seed coat to protect the explant and provide nutrients for growth.

Step 1: Analyzing Essential Qualities.
For a synthetic seed to be viable in the field, the encapsulation material must be nondamaging to the sensitive embryo. It must also be durable enough to withstand handling and transport while being porous enough to allow for respiration.

Step 2: Analyzing Nutrient Requirements.
Successful field plantation requires the seed to be self-sufficient initially. Therefore, the matrix should incorporate nutrients, salts, and growth hormones to support the transition from in vitro to in vivo conditions.

Step 3: Evaluating pH Maintenance.
While the internal pH must be physiological, maintaining a high pH is actually detrimental to plant tissues. Most plant cells grow optimally in slightly acidic to neutral environments (pH 5.5 to 6.0). A high (alkaline) pH can lead to nutrient precipitation and cell death.