Question:
The class of materials having the largest band gap in the following is
The class of materials having the largest band gap in the following is
Show Hint
Band gap order is:
\[
\text{Metals} < \text{Semi-metals} < \text{Semiconductors} < \text{Insulators}.
\]
Larger band gap means lower electrical conductivity.
Updated On: Jun 18, 2026
- Metals
- Semi-metals
- Semiconductors
- Insulators
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understand the concept of band gap.
The band gap is the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band of a solid.
It determines how easily electrons can move from the valence band to the conduction band and participate in electrical conduction.
Step 2: Compare the band gaps of different materials.
For metals, \[ E_g \approx 0 \] The valence and conduction bands overlap, so electrons move freely.
For semi-metals, \[ E_g \approx 0 \] or there is a very small overlap between bands.
For semiconductors, \[ E_g \approx 0.1 \text{ to } 3\,\text{eV} \] Examples include silicon and germanium.
For insulators, \[ E_g > 3\,\text{eV} \] and often ranges from \(5\) to \(10\,\text{eV}\) or even larger.
Therefore, insulators possess the largest band gap among the given materials.
Step 3: Final conclusion.
Hence, the class of materials having the largest band gap is \[ \boxed{\text{Insulators}} \] and the correct option is \[ \boxed{(4)}. \]
The band gap is the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band of a solid.
It determines how easily electrons can move from the valence band to the conduction band and participate in electrical conduction.
Step 2: Compare the band gaps of different materials.
For metals, \[ E_g \approx 0 \] The valence and conduction bands overlap, so electrons move freely.
For semi-metals, \[ E_g \approx 0 \] or there is a very small overlap between bands.
For semiconductors, \[ E_g \approx 0.1 \text{ to } 3\,\text{eV} \] Examples include silicon and germanium.
For insulators, \[ E_g > 3\,\text{eV} \] and often ranges from \(5\) to \(10\,\text{eV}\) or even larger.
Therefore, insulators possess the largest band gap among the given materials.
Step 3: Final conclusion.
Hence, the class of materials having the largest band gap is \[ \boxed{\text{Insulators}} \] and the correct option is \[ \boxed{(4)}. \]
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