Litharge is a common name of lead monoxide.
Lead monoxide has the chemical formula:
\[
PbO.
\]
In this compound, lead is present in the \(+2\) oxidation state.
The oxide ion has charge:
\[
O^{2-}.
\]
So one \(Pb^{2+}\) ion combines with one \(O^{2-}\) ion to give:
\[
PbO.
\]
\(PbO_2\) is lead dioxide.
\(Pb_3O_4\) is red lead.
\(Pb(NO_3)_2\) is lead nitrate.
Therefore, the chemical formula of litharge is:
\[
PbO.
\]