Question:
The bio-industrial watershed concept was given by
The bio-industrial watershed concept was given by
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Remember: "Bio-industrial" emphasizes the integration of biology, agriculture, and rural industry, a holistic philosophy championed by Prof. M. S. Swaminathan to improve farmers' livelihoods.
Updated On: Aug 13, 2026
- Prof. M. S. Swaminathan
- Prof. J. S. Bali
- Prof. K Subramanya
- Prof. H. H. Bennett
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Traditional watershed management focuses primarily on soil and water conservation.
To enhance rural income and generate employment, modern approaches incorporate bio-industrial activities, integrating conservation with agricultural processing and value addition.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The concept of a "bio-industrial watershed" was proposed by Prof. M. S. Swaminathan, the pioneer of the Green Revolution in India.
He envisioned that conserving soil and water should not be the end goal; instead, it should serve as the foundation for rural micro-enterprises and agro-processing industries.
In a bio-industrial watershed:
- Water conservation is linked to high-value horticulture, aquaculture, and livestock farming.
- Biomass generated in the watershed is processed locally to produce biopesticides, biofertilizers, and value-added food products.
- This approach transforms subsistence watershed activities into commercially viable, sustainable ecosystems.
The other options represent different pioneers:
- Prof. J. S. Bali is known for his extensive work in soil conservation and land use planning.
- Prof. K. Subramanya is a prominent academic author in open channel flow and fluid mechanics.
- Prof. H. H. Bennett is regarded as the father of soil conservation in the United States.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The bio-industrial watershed concept was proposed by Prof. M. S. Swaminathan.
Traditional watershed management focuses primarily on soil and water conservation.
To enhance rural income and generate employment, modern approaches incorporate bio-industrial activities, integrating conservation with agricultural processing and value addition.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The concept of a "bio-industrial watershed" was proposed by Prof. M. S. Swaminathan, the pioneer of the Green Revolution in India.
He envisioned that conserving soil and water should not be the end goal; instead, it should serve as the foundation for rural micro-enterprises and agro-processing industries.
In a bio-industrial watershed:
- Water conservation is linked to high-value horticulture, aquaculture, and livestock farming.
- Biomass generated in the watershed is processed locally to produce biopesticides, biofertilizers, and value-added food products.
- This approach transforms subsistence watershed activities into commercially viable, sustainable ecosystems.
The other options represent different pioneers:
- Prof. J. S. Bali is known for his extensive work in soil conservation and land use planning.
- Prof. K. Subramanya is a prominent academic author in open channel flow and fluid mechanics.
- Prof. H. H. Bennett is regarded as the father of soil conservation in the United States.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The bio-industrial watershed concept was proposed by Prof. M. S. Swaminathan.
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