Question

Statement I: The hydraulic grade line in open channel flow is the water surface.
Statement II: The hydraulic grade line in pipe flow, it connects the elevation to which water would rise in piezometer tube along the pipe.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Hint:

HGL:
Open channel: water surface.
Pipe flow: piezometric head.
EGL = HGL + v\(^2\)/2g.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hydraulic grade line (HGL) is a concept in fluid mechanics.
It represents the total pressure head minus the velocity head.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
No specific formula.
Need to understand the definition of HGL.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
In open channel flow, the water surface is the hydraulic grade line.
This is because atmospheric pressure acts on the surface.
In pipe flow, the hydraulic grade line connects the elevations to which water would rise in piezometer tubes.
This is also correct.
Thus, both statements are correct.

Step 4: Final Answer:
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Hence, the correct option is (A).