Question:
Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids is used for protein quality evaluation in which of the followings species
Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids is used for protein quality evaluation in which of the followings species
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Always remember that Standardized Ileal Digestibility (SID) is the gold standard for amino acid formulation in monogastric nutrition (pigs and poultry) because it isolates true pre-cecal absorption while accounting for basal endogenous metabolic losses.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2026
- Horse
- Goat
- Cattle
- Pig
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) is an advanced method used to evaluate the bio-availability of amino acids in feed ingredients. In monogastric animals, digesting and absorbing proteins occurs primarily before the end of the small intestine (ileum).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze why this method is particularly crucial for monogastric species, specifically pigs:
Monogastric digestion versus Hindgut fermentation: In pigs, amino acids are absorbed in the small intestine.
Any amino acids or proteins that pass undigested into the large intestine (cecum and colon) are metabolized by the microbial population.
The microbes convert these amino acids into ammonia and other nitrogenous compounds, which are excreted or absorbed but cannot be utilized by the host animal for protein synthesis.
Therefore, measuring fecal digestibility (which includes large intestinal fermentation) overestimates the true absorption of amino acids.
Ileal Cannulation: To obtain accurate digestibility values, researchers sample digesta at the end of the small intestine (terminal ileum) using specialized cannulas.
Apparent versus Standardized Digestibility: Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) does not account for endogenous amino acid losses (proteins originating from digestive enzymes, mucus, and sloughed epithelial cells).
Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) corrects for these basal endogenous losses, providing a highly reliable and consistent value for formulating balanced diets for swine.
Thus, pigs are the primary species for which SID values are evaluated and implemented in commercial feed formulation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D), representing Pig.
Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) is an advanced method used to evaluate the bio-availability of amino acids in feed ingredients. In monogastric animals, digesting and absorbing proteins occurs primarily before the end of the small intestine (ileum).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze why this method is particularly crucial for monogastric species, specifically pigs:
Monogastric digestion versus Hindgut fermentation: In pigs, amino acids are absorbed in the small intestine.
Any amino acids or proteins that pass undigested into the large intestine (cecum and colon) are metabolized by the microbial population.
The microbes convert these amino acids into ammonia and other nitrogenous compounds, which are excreted or absorbed but cannot be utilized by the host animal for protein synthesis.
Therefore, measuring fecal digestibility (which includes large intestinal fermentation) overestimates the true absorption of amino acids.
Ileal Cannulation: To obtain accurate digestibility values, researchers sample digesta at the end of the small intestine (terminal ileum) using specialized cannulas.
Apparent versus Standardized Digestibility: Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) does not account for endogenous amino acid losses (proteins originating from digestive enzymes, mucus, and sloughed epithelial cells).
Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) corrects for these basal endogenous losses, providing a highly reliable and consistent value for formulating balanced diets for swine.
Thus, pigs are the primary species for which SID values are evaluated and implemented in commercial feed formulation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D), representing Pig.
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