Question

Select the correct statements regarding menstrual cycle in human female:
• [(A)] The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menopause.
• [(B)] The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle (about \(14^{\text{th}}\) day), when the level of progesterone is at maximum level.
• [(C)] In absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates which causes the disintegration of endometrium leading to menstruation.
• [(D)] In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around \(50\) years of age. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. \((A)\ \text{and}\ (B)\ \text{only}\)
• B. \((B)\ \text{and}\ (D)\ \text{only}\)
• C. \((A)\ \text{and}\ (C)\ \text{only}\)
• D. \((C)\ \text{and}\ (D)\ \text{only}\)

Hint:

\[ \text{Menarche} \rightarrow \text{Beginning of menstruation} \] \[ \text{Menopause} \rightarrow \text{Permanent cessation of menstruation} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Analyze statement (A)
• The first menstruation at puberty is called: \[ \text{menarche} \]
• Menopause refers to permanent cessation of menstrual cycle around \(45-50\) years. Thus: \[ (A)\ \text{is incorrect} \]
Step 2: Analyze statement (B)
• Ovulation generally occurs around: \[ 14^{\text{th}}\ \text{day} \] of menstrual cycle.
• However, progesterone level is not maximum at ovulation.
• Progesterone reaches maximum during luteal phase after ovulation. Thus: \[ (B)\ \text{is incorrect} \]
Step 3: Analyze statement (C)
• In absence of fertilisation, corpus luteum degenerates.
• This decreases progesterone level.
• Endometrium breaks down and menstruation occurs. Thus: \[ (C)\ \text{is correct} \]
Step 4: Analyze statement (D)
• Menstrual cycle generally ceases around: \[ 50\ \text{years} \] of age.
• This stage is called menopause. Thus: \[ (D)\ \text{is correct} \] Therefore, the correct statements are: \[ (C)\ \text{and}\ (D) \] Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{(D)}} \]