Sandra Harding's Standpoint Epistemology involves:
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- Adopting a feminist empiricist point of view that critiques the masculine underpinnings of western sciences
- Recognizing that science is value free
- Negating the value of objectivity in scientific research
- Grounding distinctive feminist science in strongly objective accounts of the world
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Harding argues for strong objectivity: starting inquiry from marginalized standpoints and making the social–historical location of knowers a subject of investigation in order to produce more objective science $\Rightarrow$ (D)
. (A) describes feminist empiricism, which Harding critiques as insufficient because it underestimates how social location shapes inquiry
. (B) is false since Harding denies value–free science and insists on reflexivity about values
. (C) is false because she does not reject objectivity; she reconstructs it as "strong objectivity"
. \[ \boxed{\text{Therefore, only (D) is correct.}} \]
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