Question

Removal of finer materials down from upper to lower part of soil profile leads to the formation of ------

• A. Saline soils
• B. Regur
• C. Karsi soils
• D. Kankar

Hint:

Link the soil formation process (like illuviation) with specific soil types for accurate identification.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Karsi soils are formed due to the process of illuviation, where fine particles like clay and silt are leached down from the upper layers and accumulate in the lower horizon.

Answer 2

Elimination approach:
Saline soils form due to accumulation of soluble salts from high evapotranspiration or poor drainage, not from downward movement of fine particles, so this is ruled out. Regur (black cotton soil) develops in situ from weathering of basalt and stays clay-rich throughout the profile rather than being defined by particle translocation. Kankar refers to nodules of calcium carbonate precipitated within a horizon, a chemical accumulation rather than a particle-transport phenomenon. The only term that specifically denotes a profile left coarser on top after fine clay and silt are washed down (eluviation) and redeposited lower down (illuviation) is a Karsi soil. Eliminating the other three options confirms option 3.