Question:
Regarding VEGF, which of the following is true?
Regarding VEGF, which of the following is true?
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Remember VEGF's original moniker: Vascular Permeability Factor (VPF). Its two paramount roles are driving Angiogenesis (via endothelial proliferation) and causing Edema (via increased vascular permeability).
Updated On: Sep 3, 2026
- Endothelial proliferation and increases vascular permeability
- Heterodimer along with TGF and EGF
- Promotes wound healing by stimulating keratinocytes and fibroblasts
- Forms heterodimer with HER2 leading to malignancy predisposition
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
This question explores the fundamental biological mechanisms and primary physiological functions of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF).
Explanation:
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a highly specific signaling protein that serves as the master regulator of angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones) and vasculogenesis.
• At the cellular level, VEGF acts as a potent, specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells, directly stimulating their proliferation, migration, and survival to form the endothelial lining of new vessels.
• Crucially, before it was named VEGF, this molecule was originally discovered and named "Vascular Permeability Factor" (VPF). It profoundly increases the permeability of the endothelial barrier.
• This increased vascular permeability allows plasma proteins (like fibrinogen) to leak into the extravascular space. This extravasated fibrinogen forms a temporary matrix or scaffold that is essential for endothelial cells to migrate across during tissue repair, wound healing, and tumor growth.
• Option B is incorrect because VEGF typically functions as a homodimer, not a heterodimer with Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) or Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF).
• Option C is incorrect; while angiogenesis is part of wound healing, the direct stimulation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts is governed primarily by EGF and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), respectively, not VEGF.
• Option D is incorrect as HER2 dimerizes with other epidermal growth factor receptors (like HER3), completely unrelated to VEGF signaling.
Final Answer:
VEGF is specifically responsible for inducing endothelial cell proliferation and markedly increasing vascular permeability to facilitate angiogenesis.
This question explores the fundamental biological mechanisms and primary physiological functions of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF).
Explanation:
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a highly specific signaling protein that serves as the master regulator of angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones) and vasculogenesis.
• At the cellular level, VEGF acts as a potent, specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells, directly stimulating their proliferation, migration, and survival to form the endothelial lining of new vessels.
• Crucially, before it was named VEGF, this molecule was originally discovered and named "Vascular Permeability Factor" (VPF). It profoundly increases the permeability of the endothelial barrier.
• This increased vascular permeability allows plasma proteins (like fibrinogen) to leak into the extravascular space. This extravasated fibrinogen forms a temporary matrix or scaffold that is essential for endothelial cells to migrate across during tissue repair, wound healing, and tumor growth.
• Option B is incorrect because VEGF typically functions as a homodimer, not a heterodimer with Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) or Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF).
• Option C is incorrect; while angiogenesis is part of wound healing, the direct stimulation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts is governed primarily by EGF and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), respectively, not VEGF.
• Option D is incorrect as HER2 dimerizes with other epidermal growth factor receptors (like HER3), completely unrelated to VEGF signaling.
Final Answer:
VEGF is specifically responsible for inducing endothelial cell proliferation and markedly increasing vascular permeability to facilitate angiogenesis.
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