Concept:
PCE stands for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent. It is used to measure the refractoriness of a refractory material.
Step 1: Refractoriness means the ability of a material to withstand high temperature without softening.
Step 2: In the PCE test, a cone made from the refractory sample is heated along with standard pyrometric cones.
Step 3: The cone bends or softens at a certain temperature.
Step 4: By comparing it with standard cones, the refractoriness of the material is determined.
Therefore, PCE test measures:
\[
\boxed{\text{Refractoriness}}
\]