Question

Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blanks to make the sentence meaningfully complete:
Water is ----------- by chemicals and other wastes from industries.

• A. refined
• B. polluted
• C. filtered
• D. purified

Hint:

Industrial waste and raw chemicals are bad, dirty things. Putting dirty things into water will make it dirty. The formal word for making a natural resource dirty with toxic waste is pollute!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: This question tests basic contextual vocabulary and environmental comprehension. The sentence describes the impact of "chemicals and other wastes from industries" on "water". Industrial waste and chemicals are hazardous, toxic, and non-sterile elements. Introducing harmful contaminants into a natural resource like water leads to environmental degradation.

Detailed Vocabulary Analysis:

• Refined (Verb/Adjective): Processed to remove impurities and make something pure or high-quality (e.g., refined oil, refined sugar).

• Polluted (Verb): Contaminated with harmful or poisonous substances; made dirty and unsafe for consumption or use.

• Filtered (Verb): Passed through a device or layer to remove impurities, solids, or solid particles.

• Purified (Verb): Made clean, hygienic, and free from contaminants or blemishes.

Logical Step-by-Step Selection:

• The agent of action here is "chemicals and other wastes". These are contaminants.

• Adding contaminants to clean water makes it dirty, toxic, and unfit for use.

• Therefore, the water undergoes a process of damage, which is precisely called

pollution.

• Choosing terms like refined, filtered, or purified would mean that industrial chemical dumping somehow makes water cleaner and safer, which is a total scientific and logical contradiction.

Analysis of Options:

• Option (A) is incorrect because industrial dumping does not process or improve water quality.

• Option (B) is correct because "polluted" accurately describes the contamination of water by toxic industrial effluents.

• Option (C) is incorrect because chemicals do not act as filtration devices to clean the water.

• Option (D) is incorrect because waste materials degrade quality instead of purifying it.