Key Idea Oxidation state of H is + 1 and that of
O is - 2.
Let the oxidation state of P in the given compounds
isx.
In $ H_4 P_2 O_5 $
$ ( + 1) \times 4 + 2 \times x + ( - 2) \times 5 = 0 $
$4 + 2x - 10 = 0$
$2x = 8$
$\therefore$ $ x = + 4$
In $ H_4 P_2 O_7$
$ ( + 1 ) \times 4 + 2 \times x + ( - 2) \times 7 = 0 $
$4 + 2x - 14 = 0$
$2x = 10$
$\therefore$ $ x = + 5$
Thus, the oxidation states of $P$ in $ H_4 P_2 O_6, \, H_4 P_2 O_6 $
and $ H_4 P_2 O_7 $ are $+3, + 4$ and $+5$ respectively