Question

Out of the following molecules the one which represents the polar molecule is

• (d)
• (a)
• (c)
• (b)

Hint:

Symmetry is the enemy of polarity. If the central atom has lone pairs or different attached atoms, it is likely polar.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Polar vs Non-polar
A molecule is non-polar if its individual bond dipoles cancel out due to symmetry (resultant $\mu = 0$). It is polar if there is a net dipole moment.
Step 2: Analysis of Typical Structures
(a) Linear/Symmetrical (e.g., $CO_2$) $\to$ Non-polar.
(b) Tetrahedral/Symmetrical (e.g., $CH_4$) $\to$ Non-polar.
(c) Trigonal Planar (e.g., $BF_3$) $\to$ Non-polar.
(d) Asymmetrical/Bent (e.g., $HCl$ or $H_2O$) $\to$ Polar.
Step 3: Graph/Image Context
In standard chemistry figures for this question, 'd' usually represents a molecule like $HCl$ or $NH_3$ where charge distribution is uneven.
Step 4: Conclusion
Molecule (d) is polar.
Final Answer:(A)