Question

Match the mordants given in List I with their effects given in List II.
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Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A ‐ IV, B ‐ III, C ‐ II, D ‐ I
• B. A ‐ II, B ‐ I, C ‐ IV, D ‐ III
• C. A ‐ III, B ‐ I, C ‐ IV, D ‐ II
• D. A ‐ III, B ‐ II, C ‐ I, D ‐ IV

Hint:

Iron is universally known as a "saddener" because it darkens and dulls colors, while Tin acts as a "brightener" that intensifies warm shades like orange and yellow.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Mordants are metallic salts used in natural dyeing to fix the dye to the fiber.
These metal ions coordinate with the dye molecules, forming a stable insoluble complex (lac) that alters the light-absorption properties and changes the final color of the dyed fabric.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the characteristic color-modifying effects of different metallic mordants:
- A. Aluminium (Alum): The most common and safe mordant. It preserves the natural brightness of dyes, and when used with red natural dyes (like cochineal), it highlights pinks and scarlet in red (A - III).
- B. Chrome (Potassium dichromate): Increases the depth of colors, making them rich and wash-fast. It is known to give a warm underglow to colors (B - I).
- C. Tin (Stannous chloride): A powerful brightener. When used with red natural dyes, it shifts the shade toward orange, highlighting orange in reds (C - IV).
- D. Iron (Ferrous sulfate): Known as a "saddener." It darkens and dulls all colors, shifting yellows to olive green and reds to deep purple or black (D - II).
This matching corresponds to the sequence: A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching of mordants to their coloring effects is A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II.