Question

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II:

• A. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• B. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
• C. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
• D. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

Hint:

Think of the "State" of the waste. Sludge (organic) $\rightarrow$ Gas. Ash (mineral) $\rightarrow$ Cement. $CO_2$ (gas) $\rightarrow$ Dry Ice. Acid (chemical) $\rightarrow$ Neutralization.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Industrial ecology focuses on "waste-to-wealth" concepts, where the byproduct of one process serves as the raw material for another.

Step 1: Match A (Sludge).
Waste water plant sludge contains organic matter that can be anaerobically digested by microbes to produce methane-rich Biogas (III).

Step 2: Match B (Ash).
Fly ash from coal power plants is a pozzolanic material widely used as a Cement raw material (IV) to reduce the environmental footprint of clinker production.

Step 3: Match C ($CO_2$).
The high-purity $CO_2$ byproduct from fermentation processes is often captured and compressed to form solid carbon dioxide, known as Dry Ice (I).

Step 4: Match D (Acid).
Industrial acid waste must undergo neutralization (nullification) to stabilize the pH and allow for recycling or safe disposal (II).