Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Term)	List-II (Explanation)
(A) Dihybrid	(I) Gene which supress the effect of other gene.
(B) Alleles	(III) Alternative form of gene
(C) Marker gene	(II) Qualitative character gene linked with quantitative character gene.
(D) Epistatic gene	(IV) Law of independent assortment

• A. (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
• B. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
• C. (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
• D. (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Hint:

- Alleles = Alternative forms of a gene.
- Epistasis = Non-allelic suppression (one gene masks another).
- Dihybrid = Associated with independent assortment (two traits studied simultaneously).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Genetics uses specific terminologies to describe gene forms, inheritance patterns, gene interactions, and molecular selection markers, which are essential for understanding heredity and crop breeding.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the genetic terms in List-I with their explanations in List-II:
- (A) Dihybrid:
A dihybrid cross involves studying the inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters (genes) simultaneously.
Mendel's dihybrid cross experiments demonstrated that alleles of two different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation, which is the basis of the Law of independent assortment.
Thus, (A) matches with (IV).
- (B) Alleles:
Alleles are defined as alternative forms of a single gene located at the same locus on homologous chromosomes, governing contrasting expressions of a trait.
Thus, (B) matches with (III).
- (C) Marker gene:
A marker gene is a gene with a known location and easily identifiable qualitative phenotype (e.g., flower color, leaf shape) that is tightly linked with a quantitative trait locus (QTL) or quantitative character gene (e.g., yield, grain weight), helping breeders track the inheritance of complex traits.
Thus, (C) matches with (II).
- (D) Epistatic gene:
Epistasis is a type of gene interaction where the expression of one gene is masked or suppressed by another non-allelic gene.
The gene that suppresses the effect of another gene is called the epistatic gene.
Thus, (D) matches with (I).
Combining these matches, we get: (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence corresponds to Option C.