Question

Match List I with List II

List I (Buffers)	List II (Applications)
(A) \(\text{HCO}_3^{-1}+\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3\)	(I) Maintain the pH of blood forms \(7.36\) to \(7.42\)
(B) Phosphates	(II) In Medicine
(C) Sodium Citrate	(III) In Qualitative analysis of basic radicals
(D) \(\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}+\text{NH}_4\text{OH}\)	(IV) In fertilizers

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Blood uses the bicarbonate buffer, and group analysis of basic radicals uses the ammonium buffer.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
A buffer resists a change in pH on adding small amounts of acid or base. Different buffers are chosen for different uses, so we match each by its known application.

Step 2: Match (A) and (D):
(A) \(\text{HCO}_3^{-}/\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3\) is the main buffer in blood. It holds blood pH between \(7.36\) and \(7.42\). So (A) - (I).
(D) \(\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}+\text{NH}_4\text{OH}\) gives a basic buffer of pH near \(9\). It is used in qualitative analysis to precipitate group III hydroxides while keeping group IV and later radicals in solution. So (D) - (III).

Step 3: Match (B) and (C):
(B) Phosphate buffers supply nutrients and control soil pH in fertilizers. So (B) - (IV).
(C) Sodium citrate is a buffer used in medicine, for example in anticoagulants and oral preparations. So (C) - (II).

Step 4: Check the options:
The pairing (A)-I, (B)-IV, (C)-II, (D)-III is exactly option (C). Option (A) pairs the blood buffer with the right use but swaps the rest. Option (B) puts the blood buffer under 'In Medicine'. Option (D) gives the blood buffer to qualitative analysis.

Final Answer:
The correct matching is (A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(III), which is option (C). \[ \boxed{(A)\text{-}(I),\ (B)\text{-}(IV),\ (C)\text{-}(II),\ (D)\text{-}(III)} \]