Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Behaviour/Responses)	List-II (Species)
(A) Gular flutteing	(I) Sheep
(B) Brisket disease	(II) Pig
(C) Concaveation	(III) Cattle
(D) Rooting	(IV) Birds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)

Hint:

To solve this quickly, use high-confidence matches:
- Gular fluttering is a distinct avian-only cooling mechanism (A-IV).
- Rooting is the classic snout-digging behavior of pigs (D-II).
- Brisket disease is a well-known high-altitude disease of cattle (B-III).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This matching problem requires connecting specific physiological responses, pathological conditions, and behavioral traits with the animal species in which they occur.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze and pair each term individually:

A. Gular fluttering: This is an efficient thermoregulatory cooling mechanism observed inbirds.
By rapidly vibrating the moist gular pouch (throat) tissues, the bird increases evaporative heat loss without the excessive muscular work and respiratory alkalosis associated with deep panting. Thus, (A) matches with (IV).

B. Brisket disease: Also known as high-mountain disease, this is a pathological condition incattle reared at high altitudes (usually above 7000 feet).
The low oxygen pressure causes chronic alveolar hypoxia, leading to severe pulmonary hypertension, right-sided heart failure, and severe edema in the brisket region. Thus, (B) matches with (III).

C. Concaveation: This is a physiological and behavioral process commonly studied in mammals likesheep (and rodents).
It involves inducing maternal behavior (such as grooming and protective instincts) in virgin or non-pregnant females by repeatedly exposing them to newborn lambs or pups. Thus, (C) matches with (I).

D. Rooting: This is an innate, highly characteristic behavior ofpigs, where they use their strong snout to dig, turn up, and forage in the soil for roots, insects, and minerals. Thus, (D) matches with (II).
Combining these matches, we obtain the sequence: (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (A).