Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Technique) & List-II (Function/Application/Use)
(A) Southern Blotting & (I) Substrate is converted to coloured end product
(B) ELISA & (II) Amplification of DNA fragments
(C) Gel Electrophoresis & (III) Technique used to separate DNA based on
& size and electrical charge
(D) PCR & (IV) Transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic
& gel to a nitrocellulose sheet

• (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)

Hint:

To remember blotting techniques: Southern Blotting is for DNA, Northern Blotting is for RNA, and Western Blotting is for Protein (SNOW DROP).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Molecular biotechnology relies on various specialized techniques to analyze, detect, separate, and amplify nucleic acids and proteins.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze and match each technique from List-I with its function in List-II:
- (A) Southern Blotting: Developed by Edwin Southern, this technique is used to detect specific DNA sequences.
It involves separating DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis, denaturing them, and transferring them from the gel to a solid support membrane (like nitrocellulose or nylon).
Thus, (A) matches with (IV).
- (B) ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): This immunological technique is used to detect and quantify proteins, antibodies, or hormones.
It utilizes an enzyme-labeled antibody that reacts with a specific substrate to produce a colored end product.
Thus, (B) matches with (I).
- (C) Gel Electrophoresis: This technique separates biomolecules (like DNA, RNA, or proteins) within a gel matrix by applying an electric field.
Since DNA has a uniform negative charge, it migrates toward the positive anode, separating purely based on physical size and molecular weight.
Thus, (C) matches with (III).
- (D) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Developed by Kary Mullis, this technique uses enzymatic cycles of denaturation, primer annealing, and extension to synthesize millions of copies of a target DNA sequence in vitro.
Thus, (D) matches with (II).
This gives the match combination: (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II), which corresponds to option (B).