Question

Match List - I with List - II. List - I (Phase)
• [A.] Formulatory Period
• [B.] Convergent Period
• [C.] Construction Period
• [D.] Critical Period List - II (Year)
• [I.] 1835--1859
• [II.] 1900 onwards
• [III.] Before 1835
• [IV.] 1859--1900
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• B. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
• C. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
• D. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Hint:

The Formulatory Period occurred before 1835, while the Critical Period began from 1900 onwards with modern anthropological critiques and developments.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept: The history of anthropological thought is often divided into different developmental phases based on:
• Growth of theory,
• Scientific methods,
• Comparative studies,
• Expansion of anthropological knowledge. These phases indicate the chronological evolution of anthropology as a discipline.

Step 1: Understanding the Formulatory Period. The Formulatory Period refers to:
• Initial formation of anthropological ideas,
• Early philosophical foundations,
• Pre-scientific development. This period belongs to: \[ Before 1835 \] Thus: \[ A \rightarrow III \]

Step 2: Understanding the Convergent Period. The Convergent Period is associated with:
• Integration of ideas,
• Comparative approaches,
• Increasing academic organization. This corresponds to: \[ 1835\text{--}1859 \] Hence: \[ B \rightarrow I \]

Step 3: Understanding the Construction Period. The Construction Period involved:
• Systematic theory building,
• Expansion of anthropological schools,
• Development of institutional anthropology. This corresponds to: \[ 1859\text{--}1900 \] Thus: \[ C \rightarrow IV \]

Step 4: Understanding the Critical Period. The Critical Period refers to:
• Modern critiques,
• Re-evaluation of theories,
• Contemporary anthropological approaches. This period belongs to: \[ 1900 \text{ onwards} \] Hence: \[ D \rightarrow II \]

Step 5: Writing the final matching combination. The correct matches become: \[ A \rightarrow III \] \[ B \rightarrow I \] \[ C \rightarrow IV \] \[ D \rightarrow II \] Thus, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{(D) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II}} \]