Match List-I with List-II:List-I (Concept) List-II (Proposed by) (A) Ecology (II) Norman Myers (B) Ecosystem (IV) Ernst Haeckel (C) Human population growth (I) Sir Arthur Tansley (D) Hot spots (III) T R Malthus
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-I (Concept) | List-II (Proposed by) |
| (A) Ecology | (II) Norman Myers |
| (B) Ecosystem | (IV) Ernst Haeckel |
| (C) Human population growth | (I) Sir Arthur Tansley |
| (D) Hot spots | (III) T R Malthus |
- (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
- (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
- (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
- (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)
The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
To solve the problem of matching concepts with the individuals who proposed them, we need to identify the historically accurate connections based on our knowledge of environmental studies:
- A) Ecology - This concept was introduced by Ernst Haeckel. Therefore, Ecology matches with IV.
- B) Ecosystem - The term "ecosystem" was coined by Sir Arthur Tansley. Thus, Ecosystem matches with I.
- C) Human population growth - This was extensively studied by T R Malthus. Consequently, Human population growth matches with III.
- D) Hot spots - The concept of biological hotspots was proposed by Norman Myers. Hence, Hot spots correspond with II.
Thus, the correct answer is: (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)
Approach Solution -2
The correct matching of concepts with their proposers is (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).
Additional Context:
- (A) Ecology: Ernst Haeckel (II)
- Coined in 1866 in "Generelle Morphologie"
- Derived from Greek "oikos" (house) and "logos" (study)
- (B) Ecosystem: Sir Arthur Tansley (III)
- Introduced in 1935 paper
- Integrated biotic and abiotic components
- (C) Human population growth: T R Malthus (IV)
- Proposed in 1798 "Essay on Population"
- Population grows geometrically, food arithmetically
- (D) Hot spots: Norman Myers (I)
- Concept introduced in 1988
- Regions with high endemism and habitat loss
- Historical Significance:
- Haeckel: Linked evolution and ecology
- Tansley: Foundation for systems ecology
- Malthus: Influenced Darwin's natural selection
- Myers: Guided global conservation priorities
- Modern Applications:
- 36 biodiversity hotspots now recognized
- Malthusian concepts inform carrying capacity studies
Correct Answer: (3) (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).
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