Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Book/Theory proposed/Characteristic, etc.) & List-II (Author/Thinker/Name of Theory, etc.)
(A) Orthologues & (I) Removal of Introns
(B) Splicing & (II) Protein fingerprinting
(C) Mass spectrometry & (III) Nucleotide database
(D) EMBL & (IV) Homologous genes found in different organisms

• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)

Hint:

Homologous genes are divided into two main categories: orthologs (arising from a speciation event) and paralogs (arising from a gene duplication event within the same genome).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Molecular biotechnology and bioinformatics use diverse terms, experimental techniques, databases, and biological processes to analyze genes, transcripts, and proteins.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze and match each item from List-I with its correct description in List-II:
- (A) Orthologues: These are homologous genes found in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene via speciation.
They typically retain the same biological function in the different organisms.
Thus, (A) matches with (IV).
- (B) Splicing: This is a post-transcriptional modification process in eukaryotic cells.
It involves the precise removal of non-coding intervening sequences (introns) from the precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) and the ligation of coding sequences (exons) to form a mature mRNA molecule.
Thus, (B) matches with (I).
- (C) Mass spectrometry: This is an analytical technique used in proteomics to identify and analyze proteins by measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of ionized peptide fragments.
It is the standard method used for peptide mass fingerprinting or protein fingerprinting.
Thus, (C) matches with (II).
- (D) EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory): This institution maintains one of the primary, comprehensive global public repositories of genomic data (the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database).
Thus, (D) matches with (III).
This gives the match combination: (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III), which corresponds to option (C).