Question

Match List-I with List-II: 

List-I (Basis of Knowledge)		List-II (Philosophical Approach)
(A)	Experience as basis of knowledge	(III)	Empiricism
(B)	Reason as basis of knowledge	(I)	Rationalism
(C)	Authority as sole basis of knowledge	(IV)	Indoctrination
(D)	Praxis and reality as basis of knowledge	(II)	Pragmatism

• A. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• B. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
• C. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• D. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Hint:

Think of key associations: Empiricism = Empirical/Sensory Experience; Rationalism = Rational/Reason; Pragmatism = Pragmatic/Practical action (praxis).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Concept
Epistemology, the study of the nature and sources of knowledge, encompasses different philosophical approaches to how human beings acquire valid information.

Step 2: Meaning
Each concept defines a different source of knowledge: reason (rationalism), sensory experience (empiricism), practical action (pragmatism), or dogmatic authority (indoctrination).

Step 3: Analysis
[leftmargin=20pt, itemsep=3pt, topsep=4pt]
• A. Experience as basis of knowledge – III. Empiricism: Empiricism asserts that all knowledge is derived from sensory observation and experiences.
• B. Reason as basis of knowledge – I. Rationalism: Rationalism holds that logical reasoning and intellectual intuition are the primary sources of knowledge.
• C. Authority as sole basis of knowledge – IV. Indoctrination: Indoctrination relies on teaching a set of beliefs uncritically, presenting external authority as the absolute source of truth.
• D. Praxis and reality as basis of knowledge – II. Pragmatism: Pragmatism argues that knowledge is verified through practice (praxis), actions, and real-world results.

Step 4: Conclusion
Thus, the correct match is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II, corresponding to option (A). Final Answer: (A)