Question

Match List I with List II
List I
A. Aphis craccivora
B. Aproaerema modicella
C. Holotrichia consanguinea
D. Trichogramma spp.
List II
I. Gelechiidae
II. Root feeder
III. Egg parasitoid
IV. Alarm pheromone
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• B. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• C. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
• D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Hint:

To remember: Trichogramma is a classic biological control agent used as an egg parasitoid (D-III). White grubs (Holotrichia) are destructive subterranean root feeders (C-II).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) incorporates biological control, chemical signaling, and taxonomic identification of pests to design sustainable control programs.
Matching these terms requires connecting specific pests with their ecological niches, biological control agents, or biochemical traits.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate each item in List I to establish the correct matches:
1. Aphis craccivora (A) is the cowpea aphid.
Like many aphids, when threatened by predators, it releases a volatile alarm pheromone (IV) (primarily trans-$\beta$-farnesene) from its cornicles.
This pheromone alerts neighboring aphids to drop from the plant or disperse, escaping danger.
Thus, A matches with IV.
2. Aproaerema modicella (B) is the groundnut leaf miner.
The larvae mine into the leaves of groundnut and soybean, creating blister-like mines.
It belongs to the microlepidopteran family Gelechiidae (I).
Thus, B matches with I.
3. Holotrichia consanguinea (C) is the white grub, a major pest of groundnut and sugarcane.
The adults are active at night, but the larvae (grubs) live in the soil and are destructive root feeders (II), severing plant roots and causing wilting.
Thus, C matches with II.
4. Trichogramma spp. (D) consists of tiny chalcidoid wasps.
They are highly valued biological control agents that parasitize the eggs of lepidopteran pests, acting as egg parasitoids (III).
Thus, D matches with III.
Combining these matches: A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.
This matches Option 4.

Step 3: Final Answer
The correct matching is A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.